There is an important distinction among individual preference theories, total utility theories, and social welfare theories. 个人偏好理论、总效用(TU)理论与社会福利理论之间有个重要的区别。
Under these assumptions, one maximizes the expected total utility from consumption and terminal wealth. 在此环境下,最大化消费效用和最终财富的效用。
Provided such a standard exists, pareto improvements increase total utility; 假设存在这种标准,则帕累托改善能够增加总效用(TU);
Pareto judgments are expressed in terms of orderings of individual preferences rather than in terms of total utility. 帕累托判断是依据个人偏好的需求而做出的,而不是依总效用(TU)做出。
The limitation of evaluation content and method on highway construction projects at present in China is discussed. According to utility theory, a total utility evaluation indices system on highway construction projects is set up, which complements and perfects the content of society and environment evaluation indices. 针对目前中国公路建设项目评价内容和方法的局限性,依据效用理论,建立了公路建设项目总效用(TU)评价指标体系,对社会评价和环境评价内容进行了补充和完善。