This is reflected in the fact that the vacuum expectation value of the field squared is nonzero in quantum field theory. Therefore there exist the so called vacuum fluctuations. 这反映在量子场论中场量平方的真空平均值不为零,这就是所谓的真空涨落。
When the vacuum expectation value of the scalar field is approximately equal to a constant owing to the spontaneous symmetry breaking, we find a anisotropic de Sitter cosmological solution. The expansion isotropization is automatically obtained by this vacuum inflation. 由于对称性的自发破缺,在标量场的真空期待值近似为常数时,得到各向不同性的DeSitter解,这种真空暴胀将自行导致早期宇宙空间的各向同性化。