Some relevant accident cases of national railway internal combustion locomotive was analyzed for the causes of the accident. The four most important factors including personnel factor, equipment factor, environmental factor and management factor of accident were screened out. 选取国家铁路发生的与内燃机车运用相关的事故案例,对事故事件发生的原因进行分析,研究发现影响内燃机车运用事故事件发生的人员因素、设备因素、环境因素、管理因素等四方面因素。