The paper sums up the recent-year application situation of modern biotechnology in environment science, introduces, in particular, its practical achievements in environment monitoring and assessment and environment engineering, and discusses the prospect and developing tending to apply biotechnology to environment science. 总结了近年来现代生物技术在环境领域的应用情况,着重介绍了现代生物技术在环境监测与评价、环境工程领域的新型实用成果,并就该技术在环境领域的应用前景和发展趋势进行了分析。