When the universe was relatively young - one billion years old - the star formation rate was already high, about a third of its peak value. 宇宙还很年轻时(0亿年左右)恒星形成率(SFR)已经非常高了,大约是全盛时期的1/。
No single star formation mode with a constant star formation rate ( SER ) and an invariable initial mass function ( IMF ) can fit the observations of globular clusters. 研究表明,这些恒星不可能通过恒星形成率(SFR)和初始质量函数均不随时间变化的单一恒星形成模式产生。
Starburst galaxies are those in which star formation occurs at a much higher rate than the mean rate in a typical galactic time-scale. 星暴星系是一类内部正在发生极为剧烈恒星形成的天体。