It could advance accuracy of closed traverse point if we reasonably thought of the error of closed traverse s measuring of attachment. 正确合理地考虑闭合导线连测误差的影响,有助于提高闭合导线点(TP)的精度。
Mathematical model of traverse parameter adjustment based on nondirective traverse is widely used considering nondirective traverse not only suits for traverse using point of GPS as start one, but also for connecting traverse and closed traverse. 考虑到导线可能以GPS点为起算点构成无定向导线,同时,无定向导线也适用于附和导线和闭合导线,因此,以无定向导线为基础,使导线间接平差数学模型更具普遍意义。
Lay control point gradually in different level by traverse and lay base point by combine the ranging and stadia survey, the problems of low effect and precision in laying out soil geochemistry survey regular survey grid in unvisibility gold mining area are solved. 运用导线分层次逐步布设控制点、测距与视距测量相结合布设基测点的方法,解决通视困难的金矿区布设土壤地球化学测量规则测网效率不高、精度低的问题。
Concept discrimination between angle closure error and azimuth closure error of connection traverse Lastly, jumping-off and end point of opening-curve, and close isoline were judged. 附合导线角度闭合差和方位角闭合差概念辨析最后对开曲等雨量线和闭曲等雨量线的起点、终点进行了判断。
Adjustment of Underground Traverse and Analysis of Horizontal Error for End Point after Adding Measuring Gyroscope Azimuth Angle 测有多个陀螺方位角地下导线的平差及横向端点误差分析