For Uhlig, it's crucial to understand the divergent courses taken by Germany and the southern nations since the euro's introduction in 1999, and how those policies have led to the disparate economic outcomes in these nations today. 乌利希认为,很重要的一点是要理解自1999年引入欧元以来德国和南欧国家选择的不同道路,以及这些政策为什么导致了这些国家今天不同的经济境遇。
The southern nations and Ireland learned fast that they could grow rapidly not by increasing their competitiveness, but by borrowing enormous sums at irresistibly low rates. 南部国家和爱尔兰很快就意识到了,不用提升竞争力就可以实现快速增长,那就是以诱人的低利率进行巨额借贷。
However, economists said the southern nations had to stick to their policies to make their economies competitive again and ultimately create jobs. 不过,经济学家们表示,欧洲南部国家必须坚持紧缩政策,以便促使本国经济恢复竞争力,最终创造就业岗位。
The fragile economies of several southern African nations could be irreparably damaged 一些南非国家的脆弱经济可能会被彻底破坏,无法挽回。
Sure, the euro has helped the poorer southern European nations. 欧元的确帮助了欧洲南部这些经济相对落后的国家。