External Linkages(EL) and the Development of Knowledge-intensive Service Industrial Clusters 外部联系(EL)与我国知识密集型服务业产业集群的发展
From seeking internal growth to external cooperation, the external linkages of enterprises strengthen and the relationships between enterprises become close. Companies and partners tend to built relations with formal or informal networks for network growth. 从谋求内部成长到寻求外部合作,企业的外部联系(EL)逐渐加强,企业间关系交往日趋密切,企业倾向与合作伙伴建立企业间的正式或非正式的网络关系以获取网络化成长。
Although the issue of knowledge transfer between organizations has been the focus of scholars ' research, besides increasing external linkages and promoting exchanges between the organizations, companies should also make internal coordination and coalition between units, especially in related diversified enterprises. 虽然组织间知识转移问题一直是学者们长期关注的热点,然而,在增强外部联系(EL)、促进组织之间交流的同时,企业更应该做好内部各单元的协调和联合,尤其是相关多元化企业。
On the base of the traditional theory of industrial upgrading, five points were issued in this paper to describe the upgrading of local industrial clusters, which included upgrading of technological capacity, innovative capacity, external linkages, social capital and innovation system. 在总结一般意义上的产业升级理论基础上,提出地方产业集群的升级应包含五个方面的升级即技术能力、创新能力、外向关联、社会资本和创新系统的升级。
As an important external linkages and channels of technological upgrading of the development zones, multinational corporations display the significant characteristics of spatial clustering. 跨国公司本身作为开发区重要的外部联结纽带和技术升级的重要通道,其在开发区内具有显著的空间集聚特征。